Asosiy tarkibga o'tish

3.11-bo'lim : Tegishli tariflar

7. Liftda ikki kishi. Shu bilan birga, bir kishi liftdan 2 fut/sek tezlikda uzoqlasha boshlaydi, ikkinchisi esa 7 fut/sek tezlikda liftga ko'tarila boshlaydi. Ikki kishi orasidagi masofa 15 soniyadan keyin qanday tezlikda o'zgaradi?

A sketch of the person and the elevator.  The initial position of both people is the point at the lower right.  The person walking away is the point at the lower left with an arrow showing them moving left, and the elevator is the point at the upper right with an arrow showing it moving up.  The line drawn between the person and the elevator is labeled “Find Rate This Distance Changing”.
Yechim

Mana bu qism uchun eskiz.

A sketch of the person and the elevator.  The person on the ground is the point at the lower left with an arrow showing them walking away and the elevator is the point at the upper right with an arrow showing it going up.  The horizontal distance is labeled \(x\), the height of the elevator is labeled \(y\) and the line between the two people is labeled \(z\).

Biz \(x' = 2\), \(y' = 7\) ni 15 soniyadan keyin aniqlamoqchimiz va ular xuddi shu nuqtadan boshlanadi deb faraz qilamiz.

2-qadam

Umid qilamanki, bu muammoni hal qilish uchun bizga Pifagor teoremasi kerakligi aniq, shuning uchun mana shunday.

\[{z^2} = {x^2} + {y^2}\]
3-qadam

Va nihoyat, keling, buni \(t\) bilan farqlaylik va biz uni \(z'\) uchun ham hal qila olamiz, shunda haqiqiy yechim tez va oson topiladi.

\[2z\,z' = 2x\,x' + 2y\,y'\hspace{0.5in} \Rightarrow \hspace{0.5in}z' = \frac{{x\,x' + y\,y'}}{z}\]
4-qadam

Ushbu muammoni hal qilish uchun biz yuqoridagi eskizdagi uchburchakning barcha uchta uzunligini aniqlashimiz kerak. Biz \(x\) va \(y\) ni tezlik va vaqtdan foydalanib, Pifagor teoremasidan qayta foydalanish orqali \(z\)ni topishimiz mumkin.

\[\begin{array}{c}x = \left( 2 \right)\left( {15} \right) = 30\hspace{1.0in}y = \left( 7 \right)\left( {15} \right) = 105\\ z = \sqrt {{{30}^2} + {{105}^2}} = \sqrt {11925} = 15\sqrt {53} = 109.2016\end{array}\]

Ikki kishi orasidagi masofaning o'zgarish tezligi u holda,

\[z' = \frac{{\left( {30} \right)\left( 2 \right) + \left( {105} \right)\left( 7 \right)}}{{109.2016}} = \require{bbox} \bbox[2pt,border:1px solid black]{{7.2801}}\]