Asosiy tarkibga o'tish

3.11-bo'lim : Tegishli tariflar

11. Balandlik burchagi - gorizontal chiziq va kuzatuvchining ko'zini gorizontal chiziq ustidagi ob'ektga tutashtiruvchi chiziqdan hosil bo'lgan burchak. Bir kishi issiq havo sharining uchish nuqtasidan 500 fut masofada joylashgan. Issiq havo shari sekundiga 15 fut tezlikda qaytib tusha boshlaydi. Issiq havo shari erdan 200 fut balandlikda bo'lganda, \(\theta \) balandlik burchagi qanday tezlikda o'zgaradi.

A sketch of the person and the hot air balloon.  The person is the point at the lower left and the balloon is the point at the upper right with an arrow beside it showing that it is coming back down.  A horizontal line runs from the person out to a point directly below the balloon and a second line runs from the person up to the balloon.  The angle between these two lines at the person is labeled \(\theta \), Angle of Elevation.
Yechim

Muammo bayonotidan eskizga o'zgaruvchilar va ma'lum miqdorlarni qo'yish,

A sketch of the person and the hot air balloon with the variables added in.  The person is the point at the lower left and the balloon is the point at the upper right with an arrow beside it showing that it is coming back down.  The horizontal distance from the person to a point directly below the balloon is labeled 500, the height of the balloon is labeled \(y\) and the angle at the person between the horizontal line and the line up to the balloon is labeled \(\theta \), Angle of Elevation.

Biz \(y = 200\) qachon \(\theta '\) ni aniqlamoqchimiz va biz \(y' = - 15\) ekanligini bilamiz.

2-qadam

Bu erda biz foydalanishimiz mumkin bo'lgan turli xil tenglamalar mavjud, ammo barcha ma'lum va kerakli miqdorlarni o'z ichiga olgan eng yaxshisi,

\[\tan \left( \theta \right) = \frac{y}{{500}}\]
3-qadam

\(t\) ga nisbatan farqlash shuni beradi,

\[{\sec ^2}\left( \theta \right)\,\,\theta ' = \frac{{y'}}{{500}}\hspace{0.5in} \Rightarrow \hspace{0.5in}\theta ' = \frac{{y'}}{{500}}{\cos ^2}\left( \theta \right)\]
4-qadam

Ushbu muammoni hal qilish uchun biz faqat \(\theta \) qiymatini ko'rib chiqilayotgan vaqt uchun aniqlashimiz kerak. Buni amalga oshirish uchun biz asl tenglamadan foydalanishimiz mumkin yoki bizga faqat \(\cos \left( \theta \right)\) kerakligini tan olishimiz mumkin va buni aniqlash uchun biz bir oz to'g'ri burchakli uchburchakni ishga tushirishimiz mumkin.

Ushbu muammo uchun biz \(\theta \) qiymatini topish uchun faqat asl tenglamadan foydalanamiz.

\[\tan \left( \theta \right) = {\textstyle{{200} \over {500}}}\hspace{0.5in} \Rightarrow \hspace{0.5in}\theta = {\tan ^{ - 1}}\left( {{\textstyle{2 \over 5}}} \right) = 0.38051\,{\mbox{radians}}\]

Balandlik burchagining o'zgarish tezligi u holda,

\[\theta ' = \frac{{ - 15}}{{500}}{\cos ^2}\left( {0.38051} \right) = \require{bbox} \bbox[2pt,border:1px solid black]{{ - 0.02586}}\]