4.2-bo'lim : Muhim nuqtalar
12. \(\displaystyle f\left( y \right) = \sin \left( \frac{y}{3} \right) + \frac{2y}{9}\) kritik nuqtalarini aniqlang.
Yechim
Ushbu muammoga javob olish uchun bizga birinchi hosila kerak bo'ladi, shuning uchun uni olamiz.
\[f'\left( y \right) = \frac{1}{3}\cos \left(\frac{y}{3} \right) + \frac{2}{9}\]2-qadam
Eslatib o'tamiz, kritik nuqtalar lotin nolga teng bo'lgan va/yoki mavjud bo'lmagan joydir.
Ushbu lotin hamma joyda mavjud va shuning uchun biz bu haqda tashvishlanishga hojat yo'q. Shuning uchun, biz qilishimiz kerak bo'lgan narsa, hosila nolga teng ekanligini aniqlashdir. Shunday qilib, biz tenglamani yechishimiz kerak,
\[\frac{1}{3}\cos \left( \frac{y}{3} \right) + \frac{2}{9} = 0\hspace{0.25in} \to \hspace{0.25in}\cos \left(\frac{y}{3} \right) = - \frac{2}{3}\hspace{0.25in} \to \hspace{0.25in}\frac{y}{3} = {\cos ^{ - 1}}\left( { - \frac{2}{3}} \right) = 2.3005\]Bu biz kalkulyatordan olgan javobimiz va birlik aylanasini tez ko'rib chiqish bizga -2,3005 ning ikkinchi yechimini beradi yoki agar siz ijobiy ekvivalentni istasangiz, \(2\pi - 2.3005 = 3.9827\) dan foydalanishimiz mumkin. Ushbu muammoni hal qilish uchun biz ijobiy variantdan foydalanamiz, garchi agar xohlasangiz, salbiyni osongina ishlatishingiz mumkin.
\(\cos \left(\frac{y}{3} \right) = - \frac{2}{3}\) uchun barcha mumkin bo'lgan echimlar,
\[\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{\displaystyle \frac{y}{3} = 2.3005 + 2\pi n}\\{\displaystyle \frac{y}{3} = 3.9827 + 2\pi n}\end{array}\hspace{0.5in}\,n = 0, \pm 1, \pm 2, \pm , \ldots \]Nihoyat, \(y\) uchun yechim funksiyaning barcha muhim nuqtalarini beradi.
\[\require{bbox} \bbox[2pt,border:1px solid black]{{\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{y = 6.9015 + 6\pi n}\\{y = 11.9481 + 6\pi n}\end{array}\hspace{0.5in}\,n = 0, \pm 1, \pm 2, \pm , \ldots }}\]Agar trig tenglamalarni qanday yechish kerakligini eslay olmasangiz, orqaga qaytib, eslatmalarning Ko'rib chiqish bo'limida ushbu bo'limlarni ko'rib chiqing.